Summary
The Direct-to-Device (D2D) market is projected to grow from USD 0.57 billion in 2025 to USD 2.64 billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 35.6%. Rising demand for ubiquitous connectivity, rapid IoT adoption, 3GPP NTN standardization, LEO constellation expansion, and resilient communication needs are the key drivers of the D2D market.
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“S-band is projected to register the fastest growth during the forecast period.”
Based on frequency, the S-band is projected to register the fastest growth in the D2D market due to its favorable balance between coverage and capacity. Positioned between 2 and 4 GHz, the S-band offers stronger signal penetration than higher frequencies, making it more reliable for mobile and IoT applications in remote and obstructed environments. This is particularly critical for Direct-to-Cell and Direct-to-IoT services where users depend on seamless connectivity across urban, rural, and maritime regions. The band’s availability for both commercial satellite communications and NTN standards under 3GPP further accelerates its adoption, as it aligns with the global expansion of 5G NTN. Additionally, many satellite operators and mobile network operators are prioritizing S-band deployments for emergency services, critical communications, and IoT sensor networks, driving their rapid market expansion during the forecast period.
“The L2 class is projected to grow at the fastest rate during the forecast period.”
Based on latency class, the L2 segment is projected to witness the fastest growth as it offers an optimal trade-off between performance and cost for Direct-to-Device applications. While ultra-low latency (L1 class) is essential for highly critical use cases, the L2 class provides latency levels sufficient for mainstream applications such as messaging, IoT data transfer, location tracking, and emergency alerts, without the high infrastructure cost. This makes it highly attractive for both Direct-to-Cell and Direct-to-IoT services, where scaling to millions of devices is more important than sub-millisecond responsiveness. The growing adoption of L2 latency class is further supported by advancements in LEO constellations, which inherently reduce latency compared to GEO satellites, making services like mobile broadband augmentation and satellite-enabled IoT more accessible. As the demand for balanced performance grows across consumer and enterprise segments, the L2 class is projected to dominate adoption trends over the forecast period.
“The Rest of the World is expected to register the fastest growth during the forecast period.”
The Rest of the World (Africa and Latin America) is expected to register the fastest growth during the forecast period due to the increasing need for reliable connectivity with significant coverage gaps and limited terrestrial infrastructure. Both regions face large rural and underserved populations, making Direct-to-Cell (D2Cell) a cost-effective solution to extend voice, messaging, and internet services without heavy investments in ground networks. Direct-to-IoT (D2IoT) adoption is accelerating in agriculture, mining, logistics, and environmental monitoring, where satellite-based IoT solutions are essential for operational efficiency and resource management. Government initiatives to promote digital inclusion, coupled with rising private sector investments in space and telecom partnerships, are creating a conducive environment for rapid adoption. As affordability improves and localized use cases such as smart farming in Africa and supply-chain visibility in Latin America gain traction, these regions are poised to outpace others in growth, contributing significantly to the global expansion of the D2D market.
The breakdown of the profile of primary participants in the D2D market is as follows:
? By Company Type: Tier 1 ? 35%, Tier 2 ? 45%, and Tier 3 ? 20%
? By Designation: Directors? 25%, Managers ? 35%, Others ? 40%
? By Region: North America ? 20%, Europe ? 20%, Asia Pacific ? 40%, Rest of the World-20%
SpaceX (US), Iridium Communications Inc. (US), Globalstar (US), ORBCOMM (US), and Viasat (US) are the key players and offer connectivity applicable to various sectors and have well-equipped and strong distribution networks across North America, Europe, the Asia Pacific, the Middle East, and the Rest of the World.
Research Coverage:
The study covers the D2D market across various segments and subsegments. It aims to estimate the size and growth potential of this market across different segments based on service type, latency class, orbit, frequency, customer type, and region. This study also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key players in the market, along with their company profiles, key observations related to their solutions and business offerings, recent developments undertaken by them, and key market strategies adopted by them.
This report segments the D2D market across five key regions: North America, Europe, the Asia Pacific, the Middle East, and the Rest of the World, and their respective key countries. The report's scope includes in-depth information on significant factors, such as drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities that influence the growth of the D2D market.
A comprehensive analysis of major industry players has been conducted to provide insights into their business profiles, solutions, and services. This analysis also covers key aspects like agreements, collaborations, product launches, contracts, expansions, acquisitions, and partnerships associated with the D2D market.
Reasons to buy this report:
This report serves as a valuable resource for market leaders and newcomers in the Direct-to-Device (D2D) market, offering data that closely approximates revenue figures for both the overall market and its subsegments. It equips stakeholders with a comprehensive understanding of the competitive landscape, facilitating informed decisions to enhance their market positioning and formulate effective go-to-market strategies. The report imparts valuable insights into the market dynamics, offering information on crucial factors such as drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities, enabling stakeholders to gauge the market's pulse.
The report provides insights into the following pointers:
? Analysis of key drivers and factors, such as global coverage needs & coverage gaps, proliferation of IoT & connected devices, and increasing launches of satellites
? Market Penetration: Comprehensive information on D2D solutions offered by the top players in the market
? Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights into upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new service launches in the D2D market
? Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets (the report analyzes the D2D market across various regions)
? Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the D2D market
? Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and service offerings of leading players in the D2D market
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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION 23
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES 23
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 23
1.3 STUDY SCOPE 24
1.3.1 MARKET SEGMENTATION 24
1.3.2 INCLUSIONS & EXCLUSIONS 24
1.4 YEARS CONSIDERED 25
1.5 CURRENCY CONSIDERED 25
1.6 STAKEHOLDERS 26
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 27
2.1 RESEARCH DATA 27
2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA 28
2.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources 29
2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA 29
2.1.2.1 Primary sources 29
2.1.2.2 Key data from primary sources 30
2.1.2.3 Breakdown of primary interviews 30
2.2 FACTOR ANALYSIS 31
2.2.1 INTRODUCTION 31
2.2.2 DEMAND-SIDE INDICATORS 31
2.2.3 SUPPLY-SIDE INDICATORS 31
2.3 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 32
2.3.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 32
2.3.1.1 Market size estimation methodology (Demand side) 33
2.3.1.2 Market size illustration: US direct-to-IoT market size 33
2.3.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 34
2.4 DATA TRIANGULATION 35
2.5 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS 36
2.6 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS 37
2.7 RISK ASSESSMENT 37
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 38
3.1 KEY INSIGHTS AND MARKET HIGHLIGHTS 38
3.2 TRENDS & DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS 39
3.3 HIGH-GROWTH SEGMENTS & EMERGING FRONTIERS 40
3.4 SNAPSHOT: GLOBAL MARKET SIZE, GROWTH RATE, AND FORECAST 41
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4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 42
4.1 UNMET NEEDS AND WHITE SPACES IN DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET 42
4.1.1 UNMET NEEDS 42
4.1.2 WHITE SPACES 42
4.2 INTERCONNECTED MARKETS AND CROSS-SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES 42
4.2.1 INTERCONNECTED MARKETS 42
4.2.2 CROSS-SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES 43
4.3 BUSINESS MODELS 43
4.3.1 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: BUSINESS MODELS 43
5 MARKET OVERVIEW 45
5.1 INTRODUCTION 45
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 45
5.2.1 DRIVERS 46
5.2.1.1 Growing demand for emergency communication and
disaster resilience 46
5.2.1.2 Proliferation of IoT and connected devices 46
5.2.1.3 Standardization of 3GPP NTN 47
5.2.1.4 Increase in number of satellite launches 47
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 48
5.2.2.1 Spectrum and regulatory complexity 48
5.2.2.2 Ecosystem readiness and device integration 48
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 49
5.2.3.1 Proliferation of IoT and industrial applications 49
5.2.3.2 Expansion of digital inclusion and rural connectivity 49
5.2.4 CHALLENGES 50
5.2.4.1 Latency and network integration challenges 50
5.2.4.2 High operational dependency on satellite launches 50
5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 51
5.3.1 SATELLITE NETWORK ACCESS 52
5.3.2 SERVICE CONNECTIVITY HARDWARE & INFRASTRUCTURE 52
5.3.3 NETWORK MANAGEMENT & CONTROL LAYER 52
5.3.4 COMMERCIAL SERVICE ENABLEMENT 52
5.3.5 SERVICE PRODUCTIZATION & CHANNEL DELIVERY 52
5.3.6 SERVICE DELIVERY INTERFACE 52
5.4 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 53
5.4.1 SATELLITE SERVICE PROVIDERS (CORE SERVICE OPERATORS) 53
5.4.2 TELECOM/MNOS 53
5.4.3 GROUND SEGMENT & CLOUD SERVICE PROVIDERS 53
5.4.4 END USERS 53
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5.5 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE 55
5.5.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 55
5.5.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 58
5.5.2.1 North America 58
5.5.2.2 Europe 58
5.5.2.3 Asia Pacific 59
5.5.2.4 Middle East 59
5.5.2.5 Latin America & Africa 59
5.6 KEY STAKEHOLDERS & BUYING CRITERIA 59
5.6.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS 59
5.6.2 BUYING CRITERIA 60
5.7 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS 62
5.7.1 APPLE INVESTED IN GLOBALSTAR TO UPGRADE GROUND STATIONS AND DEVELOP NEW GENERATION OF SATELLITES 62
5.7.2 LYNK GLOBAL IS DEVELOPING PROPRIETARY SATELLITE CONSTELLATION DESIGNED TO DELIVER DIRECT-TO-DEVICE SERVICES WITHOUT REQUIRING SPECIALIZED CHIPS 62
5.7.3 AST SPACEMOBILE DEMONSTRATED ITS SATELLITE-TO-PHONE SERVICE WITH AT&T TO TARGET MOBILITY MARKETS 63
5.8 KEY CONFERENCES & EVENTS, 2025?2026 63
5.9 PRICING ANALYSIS 64
5.9.1 INDICATIVE REVENUE PER USER, BY SERVICE TYPE 64
5.9.2 AVERAGE REVENUE TREND PER USER, BY REGION, 2021?2024 64
5.10 MARKET SCENARIO ANALYSIS 66
5.11 VOLUME DATA 67
5.12 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK 67
5.12.1 INTRODUCTION 67
5.12.2 NORTH AMERICA 67
5.12.3 EUROPE 68
5.12.4 ASIA PACIFIC 68
5.12.5 MIDDLE EAST 68
5.12.6 LATIN AMERICA 68
5.12.7 AFRICA 69
5.13 INVESTMENT & FUNDING SCENARIO 69
5.14 SPACEX: DETAILED ANALYSIS 70
5.14.1 REVENUE BREAKDOWN 70
5.14.2 OPERATIONAL SATELLITES 70
5.14.3 BUSINESS MODELS 71
5.14.4 SATELLITE SPECIFICATIONS 71
5.14.5 VALUATION AND GROWTH RATE 72
5.14.6 STARSHIP AND STARLINK V3 SPECIFICATIONS 72
5.14.7 DEVELOPMENTS AND PROJECTIONS 74
5.15 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: ADOPTION BARRIERS & INTERNAL CHALLENGES 75
5.16 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS 75
5.16.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES 75
5.16.1.1 Multi-orbit architectures 75
5.16.1.2 Miniaturized and low-power chipsets 76
5.16.1.3 High-throughput satellites 76
5.16.2 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES 77
5.16.2.1 Phased array & beamforming 77
5.16.2.2 Software-defined payloads 77
5.16.3 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGIES 77
5.16.3.1 AI-driven network orchestration 77
5.16.3.2 Cloud-native edge integration 78
5.17 IMPACT OF MEGATRENDS 78
5.17.1 INTEGRATION OF SATELLITES INTO GLOBAL MOBILE ECOSYSTEM 78
5.17.2 SURGE IN PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN SATELLITE OPERATORS AND MNOS 78
5.18 TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP 79
5.19 ADOPTION OF AI IN SPACE BY MAJOR COUNTRIES 80
5.20 IMPACT OF AI ON SPACE: USE CASES 81
5.21 IMPACT OF AI/GENERATIVE AI ON DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET 81
5.21.1 NETWORK OPTIMIZATION & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 82
5.21.2 SPECTRUM & INTERFERENCE MANAGEMENT 82
5.21.3 DYNAMIC BEAMFORMING & COVERAGE EXPANSION 83
5.21.4 INTELLIGENT DEVICE INTEGRATION & USER EXPERIENCE 83
5.21.5 SECURITY, FRAUD DETECTION, AND DATA PROTECTION 83
5.21.6 DISASTER RESPONSE & HUMANITARIAN CONNECTIVITY 83
5.21.7 SERVICE INNOVATION & NEW BUSINESS MODELS 83
6 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE 84
6.1 INTRODUCTION 85
6.2 DIRECT-TO-IOT 86
6.2.1 INCREASING INDUSTRIAL DIGITALIZATION AND REMOTE ASSET MONITORING TO DRIVE MARKET 86
6.2.2 LOW DATA VOLUME (KB/MB PER YEAR) 86
6.2.3 MEDIUM DATA VOLUME (KB/MB PER YEAR) 86
6.2.4 HIGH DATA VOLUME (KB/MB PER YEAR) 87
6.3 DIRECT-TO-CELL 87
6.3.1 INCREASING DEMAND FOR UNIVERSAL COVERAGE AND CONSUMER CONNECTIVITY TO DRIVE MARKET 87
6.3.2 VOICE 88
6.3.3 MESSAGING 88
6.3.4 DATA/INTERNET 88
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7 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE 89
7.1 INTRODUCTION 90
7.2 CONSUMER 91
7.2.1 NEED FOR UNIVERSAL ACCESS AND RURAL CONNECTIVITY TO BOOST DEMAND 91
7.3 ENTERPRISE NETWORK 91
7.3.1 FOCUS ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TO DRIVE DEMAND 91
7.3.2 BUSINESS CONNECTIVITY 92
7.3.3 INDUSTRIAL CONNECTIVITY 92
7.4 GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE 92
7.4.1 RESILIENCE AND SECURITY IN CRITICAL OPERATIONS TO BOOST DEMAND 92
7.4.2 EMERGENCY RESPONSE 93
7.4.3 MILITARY COMMUNICATION 93
8 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY FREQUENCY 94
8.1 INTRODUCTION 95
8.2 VHF/UHF 96
8.2.1 WIDE COVERAGE AND PENETRATION OF VHF/UHF FREQUENCIES TO DRIVE DEMAND 96
8.3 L-BAND 96
8.3.1 PROVEN RELIABILITY AND DEVICE COMPATIBILITY OF L-BAND FREQUENCY TO DRIVE DEMAND 96
8.4 S-BAND 97
8.4.1 HIGH-CAPACITY SERVICES AND INTEGRATION WITH NTN STANDARDS TO DRIVE DEMAND 97
9 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY ORBIT 98
9.1 INTRODUCTION 99
9.2 LEO 100
9.2.1 FOCUS ON LOW LATENCY AND SCALABILITY TO DRIVE DEMAND 100
9.3 GEO 100
9.3.1 DEMAND FOR WIDE COVERAGE AND ESTABLISHED INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE MARKET 100
9.4 MULTI-ORBIT 101
9.4.1 FOCUS ON ELIMINATING REDUNDANCY AND SERVICE FLEXIBILITY TO DRIVE DEMAND 101
10 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY LATENCY CLASS 102
10.1 INTRODUCTION 103
10.2 L1 (< 150 MS) 104
10.2.1 INCREASING REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION NEEDS TO DRIVE DEMAND 104
10.3 L2 (150?600 MS) 104
10.3.1 EMPHASIS ON SCALABLE IOT DEPLOYMENTS TO DRIVE DEMAND 104
10.4 L3 (600 MS?10 S) 104
10.4.1 NEED FOR NON-TIME-CRITICAL MONITORING TO DRIVE DEMAND 104
10.5 L4 (> 10 S) 105
10.5.1 ATTENTION TO BATCH DATA AND ULTRA-LOW-POWER USE NEED TO DRIVE DEMAND 105
11 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY REGION 106
11.1 INTRODUCTION 107
11.2 NORTH AMERICA 108
11.2.1 US 110
11.2.1.1 Nationwide connectivity mandates and technology maturity to drive market 110
11.2.2 CANADA 112
11.2.2.1 Demand for increased geographic scale to drive market 112
11.3 EUROPE 113
11.3.1 UK 115
11.3.1.1 Regulatory momentum and operator innovation to drive market 115
11.3.2 GERMANY 116
11.3.2.1 Multi-orbit satellite synergies to drive market 116
11.3.3 FRANCE 118
11.3.3.1 Strategic investments and EU integration to drive market 118
11.3.4 SPAIN 119
11.3.4.1 Increasing investments in research and development to drive market 119
11.3.5 ITALY 120
11.3.5.1 Established space service ecosystem to drive market 120
11.4 ASIA PACIFIC 122
11.4.1 CHINA 124
11.4.1.1 State control and robust domestic technology ecosystem to drive market 124
11.4.2 INDIA 125
11.4.2.1 Need for scale of connectivity and cost efficiency to drive market 125
11.4.3 JAPAN 126
11.4.3.1 Focus on national security and emergency preparedness to drive market 126
11.4.4 AUSTRALIA 128
11.4.4.1 Need for subsidizing satellite broadband to drive market 128
11.4.5 SOUTH KOREA 129
11.4.5.1 Need for bridging connectivity gaps to drive market 129
11.5 MIDDLE EAST 130
11.5.1 GCC COUNTRIES 133
11.5.1.1 UAE 133
11.5.1.1.1 Position of country as regional hub for satellite-enabled D2D services to drive market 133
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11.5.1.2 Saudi Arabia 134
11.5.1.2.1 National vision to modernize infrastructure to drive growth 134
11.5.2 REST OF MIDDLE EAST 135
11.6 REST OF THE WORLD 137
11.6.1 LATIN AMERICA 139
11.6.1.1 Growing need for connectivity to drive growth 139
11.6.2 AFRICA 140
11.6.2.1 Digital inclusion and remote sectoral growth to drive growth 140
12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 142
12.1 INTRODUCTION 142
12.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2020?2025 142
12.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS, 2020?2024 145
12.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2024 145
12.5 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2024 148
12.5.1 STARS 148
12.5.2 EMERGING LEADERS 148
12.5.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS 148
12.5.4 PARTICIPANTS 148
12.5.5 COMPANY FOOTPRINT 150
12.5.5.1 Company footprint 150
12.5.5.2 Service type footprint 151
12.5.5.3 Customer type footprint 152
12.5.5.4 Orbit footprint 153
12.5.5.5 Region footprint 154
12.6 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2024 154
12.6.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES 154
12.6.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES 154
12.6.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES 155
12.6.4 STARTING BLOCKS 155
12.6.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING 156
12.6.5.1 Competitive benchmarking of startups/SMEs 156
12.6.5.2 List of startups/SMEs 157
12.7 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON 158
12.8 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS 159
12.9 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO 160
12.9.1 SERVICE LAUNCHES 160
12.9.2 DEALS 161
12.9.3 OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 171
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13 COMPANY PROFILES 173
13.1 KEY PLAYERS 173
13.1.1 IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC. 173
13.1.1.1 Business overview 173
13.1.1.2 Services offered 174
13.1.1.3 Recent developments 175
13.1.1.4 MnM view 175
13.1.1.4.1 Key strengths 175
13.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices 175
13.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 175
13.1.2 GLOBALSTAR 176
13.1.2.1 Business overview 176
13.1.2.2 Services offered 177
13.1.2.3 Recent developments 177
13.1.2.4 MnM view 178
13.1.2.4.1 Key strengths 178
13.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices 178
13.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 178
13.1.3 VIASAT, INC. 179
13.1.3.1 Business overview 179
13.1.3.2 Services offered 180
13.1.3.3 Recent developments 181
13.1.3.4 MnM view 183
13.1.3.4.1 Key strengths 183
13.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices 183
13.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 183
13.1.4 ORBCOMM 184
13.1.4.1 Business overview 184
13.1.4.2 Services offered 184
13.1.4.3 Recent developments 185
13.1.4.4 MnM view 186
13.1.4.4.1 Key strengths 186
13.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices 186
13.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 186
13.1.5 SPACEX 187
13.1.5.1 Business overview 187
13.1.5.2 Services offered 187
13.1.5.3 Recent developments 188
13.1.5.4 MnM view 190
13.1.5.4.1 Key strengths 190
13.1.5.4.2 Strategic choices 190
13.1.5.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats 190
13.1.6 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION 191
13.1.6.1 Business overview 191
13.1.6.2 Services offered 192
13.1.6.3 Recent developments 193
13.1.7 SATELIO IOT SERVICES, SL 195
13.1.7.1 Business overview 195
13.1.7.2 Services offered 195
13.1.7.3 Recent developments 196
13.1.8 OQ TECHNOLOGY 198
13.1.8.1 Business overview 198
13.1.8.2 Services offered 198
13.1.8.3 Recent developments 199
13.1.9 MYRIOTA 200
13.1.9.1 Business overview 200
13.1.9.2 Services offered 200
13.1.9.3 Recent developments 201
13.1.10 AST & SCIENCE, LLC 202
13.1.10.1 Business overview 202
13.1.10.2 Services offered 203
13.1.10.3 Recent developments 203
13.1.11 LYNK GLOBAL, INC. 204
13.1.11.1 Business overview 204
13.1.11.2 Services offered 204
13.1.11.3 Recent developments 205
13.1.12 ASTROCAST 206
13.1.12.1 Business overview 206
13.1.12.2 Services offered 206
13.1.12.3 Recent developments 206
13.1.13 SPACE42 PLC (SPACE42) 209
13.1.13.1 Business overview 209
13.1.13.2 Services offered 210
13.1.13.3 Recent developments 211
13.1.14 FLEET SPACE TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD 212
13.1.14.1 Business overview 212
13.1.14.2 Services offered 212
13.1.14.3 Recent developments 212
13.1.15 KIN?IS 214
13.1.15.1 Business overview 214
13.1.15.2 Services offered 214
13.1.15.3 Recent developments 215
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13.2 OTHER PLAYERS 216
13.2.1 FOSSA SYSTEMS S.L. 216
13.2.2 OMNISPACE, LLC 216
13.2.3 LACUNA SPACE LTD. 217
13.2.4 PLAN-S 217
13.2.5 APOGEO SPACE SRL. 218
13.2.6 HUBBLE NETWORKS 218
13.2.7 1NCE PTE LTD 219
13.2.8 TOTUM 219
13.2.9 TERRESTAR SOLUTIONS INC. 220
13.2.10 HELLO SPACE 220
13.3 MOBILE NETWORK OPERATORS (MNOS) 221
13.3.1 T-MOBILE USA, INC. 221
13.3.1.1 Business overview 221
13.3.1.2 Services offered 222
13.3.1.3 Recent developments 222
13.3.2 AT&T 223
13.3.2.1 Business overview 223
13.3.2.2 Services offered 224
13.3.3 TELEFONICA SA. 225
13.3.3.1 Business overview 225
13.3.3.2 Services offered 226
13.3.3.3 Recent developments 226
13.3.4 VERIZON 227
13.3.4.1 Business overview 227
13.3.4.2 Services offered 228
13.3.4.3 Recent developments 228
13.3.5 KDDI CORPORATION 229
13.3.5.1 Business overview 229
13.3.5.2 Services offered 230
13.3.5.3 Recent developments 230
14 APPENDIX 231
14.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 231
14.2 COMPANY LONGLIST 232
14.3 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 234
14.4 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS 236
14.5 RELATED REPORTS 236
14.6 AUTHOR DETAILS 237
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List of Tables/Graphs
TABLE 1 USD EXCHANGE RATES, 2019?2024 26
TABLE 2 COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT BUSINESS MODELS 44
TABLE 3 ROLE OF COMPANIES IN MARKET ECOSYSTEM 54
TABLE 4 NORTH AMERICA: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 55
TABLE 5 EUROPE: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 56
TABLE 6 ASIA PACIFIC: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 57
TABLE 7 MIDDLE EAST: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 57
TABLE 8 REST OF THE WORLD: REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS 58
TABLE 9 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY CUSTOMER TYPE (%) 60
TABLE 10 KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY CUSTOMER TYPE 61
TABLE 11 KEY CONFERENCES & EVENTS, 2025?2026 63
TABLE 12 INDICATIVE REVENUE PER USER, BY SERVICE TYPE, 2024 (USD PER MONTH) 64
TABLE 13 AVERAGE REVENUE TREND, BY REGION, 2021?2024 (USD) 65
TABLE 14 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, VOLUME DATA, BY REGION (2025?2030) 67
TABLE 15 STARSHIP SPECIFICATIONS 73
TABLE 16 STARLINK V3 SPECIFICATIONS 74
TABLE 17 SPACEX: DEVELOPMENTS AND PROJECTIONS 74
TABLE 18 ADOPTION BARRIERS & INTERNAL CHALLENGES 75
TABLE 19 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 20 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 21 USE CASE: DIRECT-TO-IOT LEVERAGES 3GPP NB-IOT NTN STANDARDS, ENABLING EXISTING IOT DEVICES TO ROAM ONTO LEO CONSTELLATIONS WHEN
TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS FAIL 86
TABLE 22 USE CASE: LYNK GLOBAL PARTNERED WITH GLOBE TELECOM TO EXTEND SATELLITE-TO-PHONE CONNECTIVITY IN PHILIPPINES 87
TABLE 23 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 24 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 25 USE CASE: APPLE DEMONSTRATED DIRECT-TO-CELL FOR CONSUMER SAFETY 91
TABLE 26 USE CASE: TELEF?NICA PARTNERED WITH SATELIOT FOR CONTINUOUS IOT TRACKING IN AGRICULTURE & LOGISTICS 92
TABLE 27 USE CASE: GOVERNMENTS AND DEFENSE AGENCIES COMBINE D2C SERVICES FOR PUBLIC SAFETY AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE WITH X-BAND SATELLITE CONNECTIVITY FOR SECURE DEFENSE OPERATIONS 93
TABLE 28 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY FREQUENCY, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 95
TABLE 29 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY FREQUENCY, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 95
TABLE 30 USE CASE: MYRIOTA AND LACUNA SPACE DEPLOYED DIRECT-TO-SATELLITE IOT SOLUTIONS USING VHF/UHF BANDS 96
TABLE 31 USE CASE: APPLE’S EMERGENCY SOS FEATURE, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH GLOBALSTAR, ENABLED STANDARD IPHONES TO TRANSMIT EMERGENCY MESSAGES DIRECTLY VIA GLOBALSTAR’S L/S-BAND LEO SATELLITES 97
TABLE 32 USE CASE: TELEF?NICA, IN COLLABORATION WITH SATELIOT, ENABLED EXISTING NB-IOT DEVICES TO ROAM ONTO SATELIOT’S S-BAND LEO CONSTELLATION AUTOMATICALLY 97
TABLE 33 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 34 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 35 USE CASE: LEO SATELLITES ENABLED D2CELL SERVICES BY DIRECTLY CONNECTING STANDARD, UNMODIFIED SMARTPHONES TO SATELLITE NETWORK 100
TABLE 36 USE CASE: GEO SATELLITES DELIVERED NEAR-REAL-TIME D2IOT SERVICES USING L-BAND M2M SOLUTIONS 101
TABLE 37 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY LATENCY CLASS,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 103
TABLE 38 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY LATENCY CLASS,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 104
TABLE 39 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY REGION, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 40 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY REGION, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 108
TABLE 41 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 42 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY COUNTRY, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 43 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 44 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 45 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 110
TABLE 46 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 110
TABLE 47 US: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 48 US: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 49 US: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 50 US: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 51 CANADA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 52 CANADA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 53 CANADA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 54 CANADA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 113
TABLE 55 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 56 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 57 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 58 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 59 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 60 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 61 UK: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 62 UK: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 116
TABLE 63 UK: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 116
TABLE 64 UK: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 116
TABLE 65 GERMANY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 117
TABLE 66 GERMANY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 117
TABLE 67 GERMANY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 117
TABLE 68 GERMANY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 117
TABLE 69 FRANCE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 118
TABLE 70 FRANCE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 118
TABLE 71 FRANCE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 118
TABLE 72 FRANCE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 119
TABLE 73 SPAIN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 119
TABLE 74 SPAIN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 120
TABLE 75 SPAIN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 120
TABLE 76 SPAIN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 120
TABLE 77 ITALY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 121
TABLE 78 ITALY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 121
TABLE 79 ITALY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 121
TABLE 80 ITALY: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 121
TABLE 81 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 122
TABLE 82 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 123
TABLE 83 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 123
TABLE 84 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 123
TABLE 85 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 123
TABLE 86 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 124
TABLE 87 CHINA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 124
TABLE 88 CHINA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 124
TABLE 89 CHINA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 125
TABLE 90 CHINA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 125
TABLE 91 INDIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 125
TABLE 92 INDIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 126
TABLE 93 INDIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 126
TABLE 94 INDIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 126
TABLE 95 JAPAN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 127
TABLE 96 JAPAN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 127
TABLE 97 JAPAN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 127
TABLE 98 JAPAN: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 127
TABLE 99 AUSTRALIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 128
TABLE 100 AUSTRALIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 128
TABLE 101 AUSTRALIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 129
TABLE 102 AUSTRALIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 129
TABLE 103 SOUTH KOREA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 129
TABLE 104 SOUTH KOREA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 130
TABLE 105 SOUTH KOREA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 130
TABLE 106 SOUTH KOREA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 130
TABLE 107 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY/REGION,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 131
TABLE 108 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY COUNTRY/REGION,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 131
TABLE 109 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 132
TABLE 110 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 132
TABLE 111 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 132
TABLE 112 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 132
TABLE 113 UAE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 133
TABLE 114 UAE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 133
TABLE 115 UAE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 134
TABLE 116 UAE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 134
TABLE 117 SAUDI ARABIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 134
TABLE 118 SAUDI ARABIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 135
TABLE 119 SAUDI ARABIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 135
TABLE 120 SAUDI ARABIA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 135
TABLE 121 REST OF MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 122 REST OF MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 123 REST OF MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 124 REST OF MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 136
TABLE 125 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY REGION, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 137
TABLE 126 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY REGION, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 138
TABLE 127 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 138
TABLE 128 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY CUSTOMER TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 138
TABLE 129 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 138
TABLE 130 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET,
BY SERVICE TYPE, 2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 139
TABLE 131 LATIN AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 139
TABLE 132 LATIN AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 140
TABLE 133 LATIN AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 140
TABLE 134 LATIN AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 140
TABLE 135 AFRICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 141
TABLE 136 AFRICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 141
TABLE 137 AFRICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 141
TABLE 138 AFRICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025?2030 (USD MILLION) 141
TABLE 139 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2020?2025 142
TABLE 140 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION 146
TABLE 141 SERVICE TYPE FOOTPRINT 151
TABLE 142 CUSTOMER TYPE FOOTPRINT 152
TABLE 143 ORBIT FOOTPRINT 153
TABLE 144 REGION FOOTPRINT 154
TABLE 145 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING OF STARTUPS/SMES 156
TABLE 146 LIST OF STARTUPS/SMES 157
TABLE 147 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: SERVICE LAUNCHES,
OCTOBER 2020?SEPTEMBER 2025 160
TABLE 148 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: DEALS, OCTOBER 2020?SEPTEMBER 2025 161
TABLE 149 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS,
OCTOBER 2020?SEPTEMBER 2025 171
TABLE 150 IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 173
TABLE 151 IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.: SERVICES OFFERED 174
TABLE 152 IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.: DEALS 175
TABLE 153 GLOBALSTAR: COMPANY OVERVIEW 176
TABLE 154 GLOBALSTAR: SERVICES OFFERED 177
TABLE 155 GLOBALSTAR: DEALS 177
TABLE 156 VIASAT, INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 179
TABLE 157 VIASAT, INC.: SERVICES OFFERED 180
TABLE 158 VIASAT, INC.: SERVICE LAUNCHES 181
TABLE 159 VIASAT, INC.: DEALS 181
TABLE 160 VIASAT, INC.: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 182
TABLE 161 ORBCOMM: COMPANY OVERVIEW 184
TABLE 162 ORBCOMM: SERVICES OFFERED 184
TABLE 163 ORBCOMM: DEALS 185
TABLE 164 SPACEX: COMPANY OVERVIEW 187
TABLE 165 SPACEX: SERVICES OFFERED 187
TABLE 166 SPACEX: SERVICE LAUNCHES 188
TABLE 167 SPACEX: DEALS 188
TABLE 168 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW 191
TABLE 169 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION: SERVICES OFFERED 192
TABLE 170 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION: DEALS 193
TABLE 171 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 194
TABLE 172 SATELIO IOT SERVICES, SL: COMPANY OVERVIEW 195
TABLE 173 SATELIO IOT SERVICES, SL: SERVICES OFFERED 195
TABLE 174 SATELIO IOT SERVICES, SL: DEALS 196
TABLE 175 OQ TECHNOLOGY: COMPANY OVERVIEW 198
TABLE 176 OQ TECHNOLOGY: SERVICES OFFERED 198
TABLE 177 OQ TECHNOLOGY: DEALS 199
TABLE 178 OQ TECHNOLOGY: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 199
TABLE 179 MYRIOTA: COMPANY OVERVIEW 200
TABLE 180 MYRIOTA: SERVICES OFFERED 200
TABLE 181 MYRIOTA: DEALS 201
TABLE 182 MYRIOTA: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 201
TABLE 183 AST & SCIENCE, LLC: COMPANY OVERVIEW 202
TABLE 184 AST & SCIENCE, LLC: SERVICES OFFERED 203
TABLE 185 AST & SCIENCE, LLC: DEALS 203
TABLE 186 LYNK GLOBAL, INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 204
TABLE 187 LYNK GLOBAL, INC.: SERVICES OFFERED 204
TABLE 188 LYNK GLOBAL, INC.: DEALS 205
TABLE 189 LYNK GLOBAL, INC.: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 205
TABLE 190 ASTROCAST: COMPANY OVERVIEW 206
TABLE 191 ASTROCAST: SERVICES OFFERED 206
TABLE 192 ASTROCAST: DEALS 206
TABLE 193 ASTROCAST: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 208
TABLE 194 SPACE42 PLC (SPACE42): COMPANY OVERVIEW 209
TABLE 195 SPACE42 PLC (SPACE42): SERVICES OFFERED 210
TABLE 196 SPACE42 PLC (SPACE42): DEALS 211
TABLE 197 FLEET SPACE TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD: COMPANY OVERVIEW 212
TABLE 198 FLEET SPACE TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD: SERVICES OFFERED 212
TABLE 199 FLEET SPACE TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD: DEALS 212
TABLE 200 FLEET SPACE TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS 213
TABLE 201 KIN?IS: COMPANY OVERVIEW 214
TABLE 202 KIN?IS: SERVICES OFFERED 214
TABLE 203 KIN?IS: DEALS 215
TABLE 204 T-MOBILE USA, INC.: COMPANY OVERVIEW 221
TABLE 205 T-MOBILE USA, INC.: SERVICES OFFERED 222
TABLE 206 T-MOBILE USA, INC.: DEALS 222
TABLE 207 AT&T: COMPANY OVERVIEW 223
TABLE 208 AT&T: SERVICES OFFERED 224
TABLE 209 TELEFONICA SA: COMPANY OVERVIEW 225
TABLE 210 TELEFONICA SA: SERVICES OFFERED 226
TABLE 211 TELEFONICA SA: DEALS 226
TABLE 212 VERIZON: COMPANY OVERVIEW 227
TABLE 213 VERIZON: SERVICES OFFERED 228
TABLE 214 VERIZON: DEALS 228
TABLE 215 KDDI CORPORATION: COMPANY OVERVIEW 229
TABLE 216 KDDI CORPORATION: SERVICES OFFERED 230
TABLE 217 KDDI CORPORATION: DEALS 230FIGURE 1 RESEARCH DESIGN MODEL 27
FIGURE 2 RESEARCH DESIGN 28
FIGURE 3 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 34
FIGURE 4 TOP-DOWN APPROACH 34
FIGURE 5 DATA TRIANGULATION 35
FIGURE 6 KEY INSIGHTS AND MARKET HIGHLIGHTS 38
FIGURE 7 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS 39
FIGURE 8 MARKET SIZE OF DIRECT-TO-DEVICE SEGMENTS IN 2025 40
FIGURE 9 NORTH AMERICA TO REGISTER HIGHEST GROWTH DURING FORECAST PERIOD 41
FIGURE 10 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: BUSINESS MODELS 43
FIGURE 11 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES,
AND CHALLENGES 45
FIGURE 12 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 51
FIGURE 13 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 53
FIGURE 14 INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS ON BUYING PROCESS, BY CUSTOMER TYPE 60
FIGURE 15 KEY BUYING CRITERIA, BY CUSTOMER TYPE 61
FIGURE 16 AVERAGE REVENUE TREND PER USER, BY REGION, 2021?2024 (USD) 65
FIGURE 17 SUBSCRIBER COUNT FOR DIRECT-TO-DEVICE SERVICES: MARKET PERSPECTIVE
IN VARIOUS SCENARIOS, 2025?2030 66
FIGURE 18 INVESTMENT & FUNDING SCENARIO, 2021?2025 69
FIGURE 19 GLOBAL SPACE PRIVATE INVESTMENT, BY TYPE, 2020?2024 (USD MILLION) 69
FIGURE 20 SPACEX: REVENUE BREAKDOWN, BY SEGMENT, 2020?2024 (USD MILLION) 70
FIGURE 21 SPACEX: NUMBER OF OPERATIONAL SATELLITES, 2020?2030 70
FIGURE 22 SPACEX: V2 MINI SATELLITE SPECIFICATIONS 71
FIGURE 23 SPACEX: VALUATION AND GROWTH RATE, 2020?2025 72
FIGURE 24 EMERGING TECHNOLOGY TRENDS 79
FIGURE 25 EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGY, 2020?2040 79
FIGURE 26 ADOPTION OF AI IN SPACE BY MAJOR COUNTRIES 80
FIGURE 27 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: IMPACT OF AI/GEN AI 82
FIGURE 28 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY SERVICE TYPE,
2025 VS. 2030 (USD MILLION) 85
FIGURE 29 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY CUSTOMER TYPE,
2025 VS. 2030 (USD MILLION) 90
FIGURE 30 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY FREQUENCY, 2025 VS. 2030 (USD MILLION) 95
FIGURE 31 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY ORBIT, 2025 VS. 2030 (USD MILLION) 99
FIGURE 32 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET, BY LATENCY CLASS,
2025 VS. 2030 (USD MILLION) 103
FIGURE 33 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: REGIONAL SNAPSHOT 107
FIGURE 34 NORTH AMERICA: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET SNAPSHOT 108
FIGURE 35 EUROPE: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET SNAPSHOT 113
FIGURE 36 ASIA PACIFIC: DIRECT-T-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET SNAPSHOT 122
FIGURE 37 MIDDLE EAST: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET SNAPSHOT 131
FIGURE 38 REST OF THE WORLD: DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET SNAPSHOT 137
FIGURE 39 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS, 2021?2024 (USD MILLION) 145
FIGURE 40 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS OF KEY PLAYERS, 2024 145
FIGURE 41 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX
(KEY PLAYERS), 2024 149
FIGURE 42 COMPANY FOOTPRINT 150
FIGURE 43 DIRECT-TO-DEVICE (D2D) MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX (STARTUPS/SMES), 2024 155
FIGURE 44 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON 158
FIGURE 45 FINANCIAL METRICS OF PROMINENT MARKET PLAYERS, 2025 159
FIGURE 46 VALUATION OF PROMINENT MARKET PLAYERS, 2025 159
FIGURE 47 IRIDIUM COMMUNICATIONS INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 174
FIGURE 48 GLOBALSTAR: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 176
FIGURE 49 VIASAT, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 180
FIGURE 50 ECHOSTAR CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 192
FIGURE 51 AST & SCIENCE, LLC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 202
FIGURE 52 SPACE42 PLC (SPACE42): COMPANY SNAPSHOT 210
FIGURE 53 T-MOBILE USA, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 221
FIGURE 54 AT&T: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 224
FIGURE 55 TELEFONICA SA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 225
FIGURE 56 VERIZON: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 227
FIGURE 57 KDDI CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 229
